penile-vaginal sex
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penile-vaginal sex: sexual behavior involving penetration of the vagina by a penis for sexual stimulation
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patch
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patch: a hormonal contraceptive method in the form of a patch that is worn on the lower back or upper arm and releases hormones to prevent pregnancy. It is 99 percent effective with perfect use at preventing pregnancy. The Patch is worn for a week at a time, and each week it is replaced with a fresh one. After three weeks, one week is “patch free,” which is when the person’s period will start. The patch does not protect against sexually transmitted infections and must be prescribed by a health care provider.
oral sex
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oral sex: sexual behavior that involves a person using their mouth to sexually stimulate the genitals of another person
microaggression
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microaggression: commonplace verbal or behavioral indignities, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative attitudes toward stigmatized or culturally marginalized groups
lubricant
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lubricant: a substance that reduces chafing, irritation and discomfort during many types of sexual behaviors. The vagina produces its own lubrication naturally, but there are also manufactured lubricants that can be used. Examples of these include AstroGlide, K-Y Jelly, Slippery Stuff and Trojan H2O Closer. All are water-based and safe to use with latex condoms. Oil-based lubricants should never be used with latex, as it will cause the latex to break down and increase the risk of pregnancy or the transmission of sexually transmitted infections.
labia
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labia: the two lips surrounding the vaginal opening, urethral opening and the clitoris. The outer lips are called the labia majora, and the inner lips are called the labia minora.
internal condom
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internal condom: a polyurethane pouch that has two flexible rings on either end. During vaginal sex, one ring is inserted into the vagina, and the other ring stays outside the vagina. The rings help to hold the condom in place. Internal condoms are also called “female condoms.” They are 79 percent effective with typical use in preventing pregnancy, and 95 percent effective with perfect use. They also offer protection against some sexually transmitted infections. They can be purchased without a prescription and, when the inner ring is removed, can be used during anal intercourse as well. Internal condoms should not be used at the same time as male condoms.
HPV
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HPV: a viral sexually transmitted infection that may cause small, painless flesh-colored bumps around the genitals, anus and/or mouth. The virus cannot be cured, but most cases clear up on their own. Some strains of HPV can cause cervical cancer, which is why it is very important for those assigned female at birth to get regular Pap tests. Early detection can prevent cervical cancer. There is a vaccine–Gardasil-9–that protects against nine of the cancer-causing strains of HPV. HPV has also been linked to penile and anal cancer in some rare cases.
hormonal contraception
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hormonal contraception: any method of reducing the risk of pregnancy that involves hormones, such as the Pill, patch, injection, implant, hormonal IUD or ring. Hormonal contraceptive methods may also be known as hormonal birth control methods.
HIV
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HIV: a virus that, if left untreated, can weaken a person’s immune system so that the person cannot fight off many everyday infections. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can be transmitted through exposure to the blood, semen, vaginal fluid or breast milk of a person living with HIV. When a person contracts HIV, HIV medicine (called antiretroviral therapy or ART) can be taken to reduce the amount of the virus (viral load) in the person’s body such that the virus cannot be detected in a blood test. This is called an undetectable viral load. When undetectable status is achieved and maintained, the person living with HIV cannot transmit HIV. HIV, if left untreated, may lead to AIDS.